{"id":7216,"date":"2024-10-18T11:16:11","date_gmt":"2024-10-18T11:16:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216"},"modified":"2024-10-18T11:16:47","modified_gmt":"2024-10-18T11:16:47","slug":"une-croissance-insuffisante","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216","title":{"rendered":"Une croissance insuffisante"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u2019Afrique subsaharienne peine \u00e0 rattraper le retard pris au tournant des ann\u00e9es 2020, malgr\u00e9 le recul de l\u2019inflation et une \u2013 insuffisante \u2013 acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration de la croissance \u00e9conomique. La crise du Soudan p\u00e9nalise l\u2019ensemble de la r\u00e9gion.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0La croissance \u00e9conomique en Afrique subsaharienne s\u2019enlise.<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb Tel est le sentiment de la Banque mondiale, qui publie son rapport semestriel Africa Pulse<\/em>. Pour s\u2019en sortir, estime le rapport, le continent doit miser sur l\u2019\u00e9ducation.<\/p>\n

L\u2019adoption d\u2019une \u00ab\u00a0strat\u00e9gie de croissance<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb est essentielle pour stimuler la productivit\u00e9 et cr\u00e9er des emplois. L\u2019un des principaux piliers de cette strat\u00e9gie est l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9ducation afin de permettre \u00e0 l\u2019Afrique subsaharienne de tirer parti des grandes tendances.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

La Banque mondiale pr\u00e9voit une croissance de 3,0\u00a0% en 2024 en Afrique subsaharienne, contre 2,4\u00a0% en 2023, et une acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration \u00e0 4,0\u00a0% en 2025 et 2026. Des pr\u00e9visions 2024 revues \u00e0 la baisse de 0,4 point en six mois. \u00ab\u00a0Cette baisse s\u2019explique en partie par l\u2019effondrement de l\u2019activit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique au Soudan, caus\u00e9 par le conflit arm\u00e9 qui a d\u00e9truit le capital physique et humain ainsi que les capacit\u00e9s de l\u2019\u00c9tat, avec des r\u00e9percussions n\u00e9gatives sur la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire et des d\u00e9placements forc\u00e9s plus importants<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb, commente la Banque mondiale qui juge que \u00ab\u00a0sans le Soudan<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb, la r\u00e9gion devrait conna\u00eetre une croissance de 3,5 % en 2024.<\/p>\n

La reprise de la croissance dans la r\u00e9gion est principalement port\u00e9e par la consommation priv\u00e9e et les investissements. La consommation priv\u00e9e devrait augmenter en 2024, car la baisse de l\u2019inflation accro\u00eet le pouvoir d\u2019achat des m\u00e9nages africains. Les anticipations de r\u00e9ductions des taux directeurs, en Afrique et ailleurs, stimulent le climat des affaires et, par cons\u00e9quent, les investissements.<\/p>\n

Cela \u00e9tant, en termes de revenu par habitant, la r\u00e9gion a \u00ab\u00a0\u00e0 peine progress\u00e9<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb, contrairement \u00e0 la situation dans d\u2019autres r\u00e9gions, constate la Banque mondiale qui indique que le revenu r\u00e9el par habitant en 2024 est inf\u00e9rieur d\u2019environ 2 % \u00e0 son niveau de 2019. Le nombre de pauvres est pass\u00e9 de 448 milliards en 2022 \u00e0 464 milliards en 2024.<\/p>\n

Point positif\u00a0: l\u2019inflation en Afrique subsaharienne devrait diminuer et passer de 7,1\u00a0% en 2023 \u00e0 4,8\u00a0% en 2024 et \u00e0 4,6 % en 2025 et 2026. La plupart des pays affichent des taux d\u2019inflation faibles et en baisse, tandis qu\u2019environ 30 % des pays ont un taux d\u2019inflation \u00e9lev\u00e9 qui a d\u00e9j\u00e0 atteint son sommet ou qui continue d\u2019augmenter.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Les soldes budg\u00e9taires continuent de s\u2019am\u00e9liorer dans tous les pays, bien qu\u2019\u00e0 un rythme plus lent, les pouvoirs publics s\u2019effor\u00e7ant de r\u00e9duire les d\u00e9penses et d\u2019accro\u00eetre les recettes. Parmi les efforts couronn\u00e9s de succ\u00e8s figurent l\u2019am\u00e9lioration du contr\u00f4le administratif des programmes de d\u00e9penses, l\u2019\u00e9limination des \u00ab\u00a0travailleurs fictifs<\/em> \u00bb de la masse salariale, la mise en \u0153uvre de r\u00e9formes budg\u00e9taires, la rationalisation des incitations gouvernementales et des exon\u00e9rations de la taxe sur la valeur ajout\u00e9e, la r\u00e9forme des subventions (en particulier les subventions aux carburants), et la red\u00e9finition des priorit\u00e9s des d\u00e9penses publiques vers des programmes \u00e0 forte croissance et \u00e0 fort effet multiplicateur sur l\u2019emploi.<\/p>\n

Un risque encore \u00e9lev\u00e9 de surendettement<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u00e8s lors, le d\u00e9ficit budg\u00e9taire m\u00e9dian de la r\u00e9gion devrait passer de 3,9 % du PIB en 2023 \u00e0 3,3 % du PIB en 2024 et \u00e0 2,9 % du PIB en 2025 et 2026. Cela \u00e9tant, le service total de la dette continue d\u2019augmenter en raison de l\u2019accroissement des paiements d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eats r\u00e9sultant du passage d\u2019un financement concessionnel \u00e0 un financement par le march\u00e9. \u00ab\u00a0Le lourd fardeau de la dette des gouvernements africains conduit \u00e0 des compromis douloureux<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb, reconna\u00eet la Banque mondiale. Il r\u00e9duit la marge de man\u0153uvre budg\u00e9taire pour investir dans les priorit\u00e9s de d\u00e9veloppement, telles que le capital humain, l\u2019\u00e9nergie et les transports, et accro\u00eet leur vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 aux chocs, en particulier pour les pays ayant acc\u00e8s aux march\u00e9s mondiaux des capitaux et \u00e0 d\u2019autres sources de financement non concessionnelles. En cons\u00e9quence, le risque de surendettement en Afrique subsaharienne reste \u00e9lev\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Et la Banque mondiale de conseiller\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0La croissance \u00e9conomique pouvant att\u00e9nuer les pressions exerc\u00e9es par le service de la dette, il est essentiel de veiller \u00e0 ce que les investissements publics dans les infrastructures essentielles (\u00e9nergie, transport et eau) et le capital humain (\u00e9ducation et sant\u00e9) atteignent leurs objectifs, fournissent des services, gagnent l\u2019adh\u00e9sion des citoyens et des gouvernements et contribuent \u00e0 la croissance.<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

D\u00e8s lors, l\u2019adoption d\u2019une \u00ab\u00a0strat\u00e9gie de croissance<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb est essentielle pour stimuler la productivit\u00e9 et cr\u00e9er des emplois. L\u2019un des principaux piliers de cette strat\u00e9gie est l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9ducation afin de permettre \u00e0 l\u2019Afrique subsaharienne de tirer parti des grandes tendances telles que la transition d\u00e9mographique, les progr\u00e8s des technologies num\u00e9riques et l\u2019\u00e9volution du monde vers une \u00e9conomie verte.<\/p>\n

De plus, la transformation du syst\u00e8me \u00e9ducatif est n\u00e9cessaire pour instaurer la comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 dans chacun de ces domaines sur le march\u00e9 mondial. Cette transformation repose sur la mise en place d\u2019un socle solide de comp\u00e9tences de base pour tous les enfants et sur l\u2019acquisition par le personnel de comp\u00e9tences adapt\u00e9es \u00e0 une \u00e9conomie mondiale en constante \u00e9volution.<\/p>\n

Le Magazine de l’Afrique<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u2019Afrique subsaharienne peine \u00e0 rattraper le retard pris au tournant des ann\u00e9es 2020, malgr\u00e9 le recul de l\u2019inflation et une \u2013 insuffisante \u2013 acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration de…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2508,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7216","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analyse","wpcat-15-id"],"yoast_head":"\nUne croissance insuffisante - challenges economiques<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Une croissance insuffisante - challenges economiques\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L\u2019Afrique subsaharienne peine \u00e0 rattraper le retard pris au tournant des ann\u00e9es 2020, malgr\u00e9 le recul de l\u2019inflation et une \u2013 insuffisante \u2013 acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration de...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"challenges economiques\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-10-18T11:16:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-10-18T11:16:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/croissance-2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"987\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b4568c9afebc5a9238a771873801e349\"},\"headline\":\"Une croissance insuffisante\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-10-18T11:16:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-18T11:16:47+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216\"},\"wordCount\":909,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/croissance-2.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Analyse\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216\",\"name\":\"Une croissance insuffisante - challenges economiques\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/croissance-2.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-10-18T11:16:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-18T11:16:47+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b4568c9afebc5a9238a771873801e349\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/croissance-2.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/croissance-2.jpg\",\"width\":987,\"height\":536},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Une croissance insuffisante\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/\",\"name\":\"challenges economiques\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b4568c9afebc5a9238a771873801e349\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/099e42240b5eea11acdb72751fcce0dd918603f0749d24974b7984ea47ed9fd9?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/099e42240b5eea11acdb72751fcce0dd918603f0749d24974b7984ea47ed9fd9?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Une croissance insuffisante - challenges economiques","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Une croissance insuffisante - challenges economiques","og_description":"L\u2019Afrique subsaharienne peine \u00e0 rattraper le retard pris au tournant des ann\u00e9es 2020, malgr\u00e9 le recul de l\u2019inflation et une \u2013 insuffisante \u2013 acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration de...","og_url":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216","og_site_name":"challenges economiques","article_published_time":"2024-10-18T11:16:11+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-10-18T11:16:47+00:00","og_image":[{"width":987,"height":536,"url":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/croissance-2.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"admin","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b4568c9afebc5a9238a771873801e349"},"headline":"Une croissance insuffisante","datePublished":"2024-10-18T11:16:11+00:00","dateModified":"2024-10-18T11:16:47+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216"},"wordCount":909,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/croissance-2.jpg","articleSection":["Analyse"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216","url":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216","name":"Une croissance insuffisante - challenges economiques","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/croissance-2.jpg","datePublished":"2024-10-18T11:16:11+00:00","dateModified":"2024-10-18T11:16:47+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b4568c9afebc5a9238a771873801e349"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/croissance-2.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/croissance-2.jpg","width":987,"height":536},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=7216#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Une croissance insuffisante"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/","name":"challenges economiques","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b4568c9afebc5a9238a771873801e349","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/099e42240b5eea11acdb72751fcce0dd918603f0749d24974b7984ea47ed9fd9?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/099e42240b5eea11acdb72751fcce0dd918603f0749d24974b7984ea47ed9fd9?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com"],"url":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?author=1"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/croissance-2.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7216","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7216"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7216\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7217,"href":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7216\/revisions\/7217"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2508"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7216"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7216"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7216"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}