{"id":4389,"date":"2023-03-10T12:49:28","date_gmt":"2023-03-10T12:49:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=4389"},"modified":"2023-03-10T12:49:50","modified_gmt":"2023-03-10T12:49:50","slug":"fmi-et-banque-mondiale-intensifient-les-pressions-sur-la-tunisie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=4389","title":{"rendered":"FMI et Banque mondiale intensifient les pressions sur la Tunisie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Deux jours apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9cision de la Banque mondiale de geler les n\u00e9gociations en cours, le FMI exprime ce 8 mars 2023 ses \u00ab pr\u00e9occupations<\/em> \u00bb apr\u00e8s la vague de violence contre les Noirs, migrants ou Tunisiens, de ces derniers jours.<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u2019isolement de la Tunisie prend chaque jour de l\u2019importance. \u00ab Le FMI est pr\u00e9occup\u00e9 par les r\u00e9cents d\u00e9veloppements en Tunisie et prend note des mesures prises par les autorit\u00e9s pour faire face \u00e0 la situation <\/em>\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 un porte-parole, au cours d\u2019une conf\u00e9rence de presse, ce 8 mars 2023.<\/p>\n

Voici plusieurs semaines que la directrice g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du Fonds, Kristalina Georgieva, a promis un accord rapide avec la Tunisie, qui esp\u00e8re d\u00e9bloquer un pr\u00eat concessionnel de 1,9 milliard de dollars. Et que les Tunisiens ne voient rien venir, si ce n\u2019est l\u2019opprobre jet\u00e9 sur leur pays.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Le FMI pourrait h\u00e9siter \u00e0 finaliser un accord qui \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 controvers\u00e9 maintenant que l\u2019autre grand bailleur de fonds se met en retrait. \u00bb <\/strong><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Toutefois, a voulu rassurer le porte-parole du FMI, ce dernier \u00ab reste engag\u00e9 aupr\u00e8s de la Tunisie, notamment pour soutenir les efforts visant \u00e0 renforcer l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9 sociale et \u00e0 promouvoir une croissance inclusive<\/em> \u00bb. Selon Fitch Ratings, ces progr\u00e8s se traduisent essentiellement par l\u2019approbation le 9 f\u00e9vrier 2023, d\u2019un d\u00e9cret qui amende la loi relative aux participations aux entreprises et \u00e9tablissements publics. L\u2019agence de notation signale \u00e9galement une avanc\u00e9e dans la finalisation et l\u2019actualisation du plan de financement pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par les autorit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Pour autant, le FMI attend la concr\u00e9tisation de mesures pr\u00e9alables, en premier lieu un ajustement des prix des carburants afin d\u2019assurer la r\u00e9duction des charges de subventions pr\u00e9vue dans la loi de Finance 2023, et l\u2019adoption d\u2019une loi r\u00e9formant la gouvernance des entreprises publiques, adopt\u00e9e mais non encore promulgu\u00e9e. Le Fonds attend aussi la mobilisation de financements additionnels pour garantir le financement du programme, dont ceux de la Banque mondiale.<\/p>\n

Or, le 6 mars, c\u2019est donc la Banque mondiale qui d\u00e9cidait de suspendre \u00ab jusqu\u2019\u00e0 nouvel ordre<\/em> \u00bb son cadre de partenariat avec la Tunisie. Ce qui se mat\u00e9rialise par le gel tout nouveau financement au pays. La Banque mondiale a \u00ab retir\u00e9 du calendrier la revue du conseil d\u2019administration \u00bb<\/em>, pr\u00e9vue initialement le 21 mars, cette r\u00e9union \u00e9tant donc \u00ab report\u00e9e jusqu\u2019\u00e0 nouvel ordre \u00bb<\/em>. Point de r\u00e9union donc, entre le Conseil d\u2019administration de la Banque mondiale afin d\u2019\u00e9valuer et d\u2019accompagner le pays dans ses programmes d\u2019aide.<\/p>\n

Une ann\u00e9e \u00ab compliqu\u00e9e<\/em> \u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

De fait, l\u2019institution de Bretton-Woods ne peut pas lancer de nouveaux programmes de soutien avec le pays tant que le conseil d\u2019administration ne s\u2019est pas r\u00e9uni. Pour autant, les projets financ\u00e9s en cours seraient maintenus. En revanche, la \u00ab suspension<\/em> \u00bb signifie que tout nouveau financement \u00e0 la Tunisie est peu probable \u00ab avant que la situation ne se clarifie \u00bb<\/em> et qu\u2019un nouveau cadre de partenariat ne soit conclu, croit savoir l\u2019AFP qui cite une source interne \u00e0 la Banque mondiale.<\/p>\n

Quoi qu\u2019il en soit, les discussions pour de nouveaux financements sont report\u00e9es jusqu\u2019\u00e0 nouvel ordre. Elles portaient notamment un pr\u00eat de 20 millions d\u2019euros pour un projet de c\u00e2ble alimentant l\u2019Europe en \u00e9nergie solaire. \u00ab Plus la situation perdure, plus la Tunisie perdra des fonds \u00bb<\/em>, r\u00e9sume le responsable de la Banque mondiale.<\/p>\n

En effet, les cons\u00e9quences de cette suspension, ainsi que d\u2019un retard \u00e9ventuel de l\u2019accord tant attendu avec le FMI, se dessinent d\u00e9j\u00e0. Le budget de l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2023 table sur des pr\u00eats de 25 milliards de dinars <\/em>(7,5 milliards d\u2019euros), dont 5 milliards de dinars provenant de l\u2019\u00e9tranger. \u00ab Sans la Banque mondiale, r\u00e9aliser une telle op\u00e9ration serait tr\u00e8s compliqu\u00e9 \u00bb<\/em>, redoute l\u2019\u00e9conomiste Ezzeddine Saidane, cit\u00e9 par le quotidien Le Monde<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Lors de son dernier point de conjoncture, en janvier, le gouverneur de la Banque centrale de Tunisie, Marouane Abassi  (photo ci-contre<\/em>), avait averti que l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2023 serait \u00ab compliqu\u00e9e \u00bb<\/em>, dans un contexte de faible croissance, de forte inflation et de ch\u00f4mage \u00e9lev\u00e9, sans un accord rapide avec le FMI pour un pr\u00eat.<\/p>\n

Or, l\u2019accord avec le FMI d\u00e9pend, entre autres facteurs, certains financements \u00e0 d\u00e9bloquer par la Banque mondiale, dont la d\u00e9cision du 6 mars constitue un nouveau contretemps dans les n\u00e9gociations. \u00ab Le FMI pourrait h\u00e9siter \u00e0 finaliser un accord qui \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 controvers\u00e9 maintenant que l\u2019autre grand bailleur de fonds se met en retrait \u00bb<\/em>, commente \u00e0 l\u2019AFP le responsable de la Banque mondiale parlant sous couvert d\u2019anonymat.<\/p>\n

Le Magazine de l’Afrique<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Deux jours apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9cision de la Banque mondiale de geler les n\u00e9gociations en cours, le FMI exprime ce 8 mars 2023 ses \u00ab pr\u00e9occupations \u00bb apr\u00e8s…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4390,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4389","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-infos-eco","wpcat-23-id","wpcat-10-id"],"yoast_head":"\nFMI et Banque mondiale intensifient les pressions sur la Tunisie - challenges economiques<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/challengeseconomiques.com\/?p=4389\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"FMI et Banque mondiale intensifient les pressions sur la Tunisie - 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